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I can only assume regular infant formulas are effective too, even though they might not have the perfect nutritional profile for adults. Nestlé created this whole infant formula industry over a century ago, and crohn's disease studies have used many of their products. Segal used Nestlé's...

That's very cool. Even though there's few studies yet, "smoothies" that mimic EN seem to work: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpn3.12196 "A whole-food blended smoothie was able to induce clinical and biochemical remission of active Crohn's disease." 61 different liquid formulas...

The question isn't if the fecal stream drives inflammation, it does, the question is why. Filtered with an 0.22 micron ultrafiltrate, fecal effluent no longer results in inflammation. A 0.22 micron filter takes out bacteria, fungi and many, but not all, dietary particles.

It does, the fecal stream drives the inflammation and recurrence of inflammation. This is well established. Effect of faecal stream diversion on recurrence of Crohn's disease in the neoterminal ileum https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PII0140-6736(91)90663-A/fulltext Our...

This is really a post to make people aware of this. EN causes spectacular remission, reintroduction of food causes rapid inflation, contact with the fecal stream causes inflammation. If dietary culprits were to blame, that would be the most ideal solution for us. We would simply avoid these...

Dietary Carrageenan Amplifies the Inflammatory Profile, but not Permeability, of Intestinal Epithelial Cells from Patients With Crohn's Disease 2024 Dec Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium Carrageenan as a Potential Factor of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 2024 Apr Pomeranian...

I can only assume fasting is dangerous and not helpful for crohn's disease, and why I always react sceptical when people suggest it. The enterocytes I mentioned line the small intestine, they have a very fast turnover to repair themselves, they need a lot of nutrients to do this, glutamine...

You would need 4 weeks of treatment to make these comparisons, the point at which calprotectin shows a drastic change in EN patients. TPN studies are really hard to find. They are often malnourished children or people with a non-functioning bowel. I was on TPN due to severe anorexia, I have a...

Might be interesting to add that anti-TNF agents often don't work for crohn's disease and are known to paradoxically induce crohn's disease. Infliximab can induce remission, many others can not. Etanercept is a very potent anti-TNF inhibitor. But, not only does it not work for crohn's disease...

Most bacteria don't come near the bacterial wall, PP, or TLR, they seem to keep their distance and we have adapted to have a certain immunological tolerance towards them when they accidentally do. What differentiates pathogens is their ability to invade tissue, including adherence, pathogens...

Anthony Segal suggested early lesions from an acute infection, like a common foodborne infection, would leave the intestine exposed to fecal content entering intissue tissue. Rutgeerts pointed out that the fecal stream drives inflammation, and removal of this fecal stream or filtered with an...

The mechanism of action of EN simply being related to its liquid form, resulting in a reduction of mechanical stress on the bowel wall, would make this treatment regime much more palatable, cheaper and easier to implement.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/21/3581 785×458 93,2 kB Figure 1. Proposed mechanisms of action of EEN in Crohn’s disease (CD). Transmural inflammation and stenosis in CD lead to increased mechanical stress (MS) in the inflamed tissue and the segment proximal to inflammation. Both...

Many studies are pointless because they do not properly differentiate disease subtypes. This then leads to confused GI and confused patients. Why does treatment work for person A but not for person B. Pharmaceutical companies are partly responsible for this, because they want their medication...

Characterisation of IBD heterogeneity using serum proteomics: A multicentre study. European Union’s Horizon research Örebro University, Sweden 2024 Nov Background: Recent genetic and transcriptomic data highlight the need for improved molecular...

CRP and FC are minimally invasive biomarkers. Like Scipio said, it is not uncommon that CRP is normal, but FC is not. Mass neutrophils are recruited to intestinal tissue during crohn's disease inflammation, you can't measure the activated neutrophils themselves, but you can meassure FC, serving...

There's many studies like this, but I chose to post this one, because it's from Northern France. Northern France is a rather interesting region when it comes to crohn's disease research. Incidence of Crohn's Disease is abnormally high compared to the rest of France. But far more interesting...

full study: https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S2666-7762(24)00264-3 Abstract: Incidence, prevalence and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel diseases in Northern France: a 30-year population-based study Oct 2024 University of Lille, Lille F-59000, France Hélène Sarter...

As far as diarrhea. EEN serves 2 functions in crohn's disease. In the 70s and 80s it was used to correct nutritional deficiencies, until Segal and others noticed that it also rapidly decreased inflammation. So now EEN exists to correct nutritional deficiencies and get people into remission...