I can relate to a lot of your situations. I studied law and obtained a law degree and an LPC (which is the professional qualification required to practice as a solicitor in the UK). I specialised in Employment Law and know all about the Equality Act. Despite this I have been fired, twice, in the space of 3 years due to flare ups of Crohns Disease. On both occasions I was working for law firms.
The problem is that a company will always be able to argue that they dismissed you on grounds of incapability to perform the job. Companies are only required to make 'reasonable adjustments' to accommodate our disability and Crohns Disease qualifies as a disability under the Equality Act. In my case, on both occassions, there were only two other people who were able to cover my caseload and as they were already working at maximum capacity, the company were entitled to dismiss me for a fair reason being that of capability.
I am also treated with suspicion by my colleagues whenever I am away from the office. The fact that Crohn's disease is an unseen disability really does have a substantial impact on how I am perceived, even by my close friends who often think that I am exaggerating and I am left with the choice of either being bluntly honest and embarrassing them, or shrugging it off and feeling humiliated. I usually chose the latter.
I think the worst thing is the idea that people see me as a shirker or a lier when in reality most of the time I have to work even harder just to avoid being fired, which clearly doesn't work...
Employment legislation is very weak in the UK and we are actually deemed to have the 4th weakest employment law in Europe. In addition, there is no longer any funding to bring a claim at an Employment Tribunal and I would have had to stump up £1,200 to try and enforce my rights and in all likelihood I would have been unsuccessful.
I have been unemployed for the last two months. My career is effectively over as employers now look at my record and when I tell them why I was dismissed from my last position they are sympathetic and then do not reply to my application. I have strong academics and a decent commercial track record but even if I was employed again, if I have another flare, I'd be sacked again.
I really feel like the system is against me, but it is so cathartic being able to rant in a forum where I know that people will be able to relate to my position