People can go a couple of weeks without a bowel movement. It's not necessarily a serious problem, but if it's not normal for you, then obviously that's concerning. But the colonoscopy was presumably preceded by a prep, which would have cleared your bowel out, meaning it's more likely that may have disrupted your system a bit, and you may not have had to go because your bowel was emptier than it ever would be normally.
It's still possible to loose weight, as you'll have been losing water through urine, and through sweat.
The A&E presumably would have noticed if something serious was wrong, like a blockage. Do you have any other symptoms, like vomiting or fever? Did the A&E doctors check your blood pressure and temperature, do any blood tests, or feel your stomach?
I think some doctors do only take emegencies seriously, and assume we can be just left to deal with chronic symptoms ourselves. They prioritise things that can cause immediate and objective harm to our bodies over symptoms which aren't necessarily dangerous, but which can ruin our quality of life. Did you see your gastro doctor face-to-face? If he and the A&E didn't pick up on anything serious, then perhaps you can at least be reassured that it's not immediately dangerous, though don't be put off seeking medical help again if things worsen at any point.
If things don't get moving soon you may need laxatives to help you. Eating more may help too. Do you feel an urge to have a bowel movement at all, or is it just pain in your stomach? Stool softeners will draw water into the bowel, meaning stool will be easier and less painful to pass. Stimulant laxatives will provoke the bowel into expelling a bowel movement, but you should be cautious with these as it is difficult to predict how strong the effects will be if you've not used any before, and they can cause side effects such as painful cramps or bowel movements that occur very suddenly. They also shouldn't be used if you have certain medical conditions, so check the information leaflets carefully, or speak to a GP - another GP who will hopefully take your problem seriously even if it isn't an emergency.